Gangrenous emphysema is a condition characterized by the death of lung tissues and swelling. The condition may cause breathing difficulties, chest discomfort, and fever. There are several synonyms to describe this condition. Necrotizing pulmonary emphysema, pulmonary gangrene, and putrid bronchitis are some of the common synonyms. Other names associated with gangrenous emphysema include invasive pneumococcal disease, necrotizing pneumonia, and pulmonary abscess. The synonyms used to describe this condition may vary depending on the context and underlying cause. Some of the main causes of gangrenous emphysema include smoking, injury to the lungs, and infection. Treatment for gangrenous emphysema typically involves antibiotics, oxygen therapy, and surgery in severe cases.