Infection specific to the perinatal period refers to the occurrence of infections during the period from the 20th week of pregnancy to 28 days after birth. This type of infection can pose significant risks to both the mother and the child. Some of the synonyms that can be used to describe perinatal infections include maternal-fetal infections, neonatal infections, intrauterine infections, and postnatal infections. Other common terms used include vertical transmission, which refers to the spread of the infection from mother to baby, and congenital infections, which are caused by the transmission of microorganisms from mother to child during pregnancy or delivery. It is important to promptly identify and treat perinatal infections to prevent long-term complications.