Prenylation is the process of adding a prenyl group to a molecule, typically a protein or lipid, to modify its function and localization within cells. Synonyms for prenylation include prenylation modification, isoprenylation, geranylgeranylation, farnesylation, and lipidation. The addition of a prenyl group to proteins can alter their activity, stability, and subcellular localization, which can have profound effects on normal cellular functions and disease processes. Prenylation also plays a crucial role in the trafficking of vesicles and organelles inside cells, making it an essential process for maintaining cellular homeostasis. These synonyms highlight the importance of prenylation in molecular biology and open avenues for further understanding the biological significance of this process.