End-stage kidney disease can also be referred to as chronic kidney failure, chronic renal failure, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). These terms are interchangeable and signify the final stage of kidney disease, where the kidneys no longer function properly to maintain homeostasis in the body. Other terms used to describe this condition include advanced kidney disease and kidney failure. Unfortunately, end-stage kidney disease is irreversible and requires the patient to undergo dialysis treatment or kidney transplantation in order to prolong their life. It is important to be aware of these synonyms to better understand the terminology used in healthcare discussions and to communicate effectively with medical professionals.